Individualized Treatment for a Rectourethral Fistula: Rare Complications

extensive resections that may result in permanent fecal diversion and/or urinary diversion because of nonfunctional fecal and urinary systems [3]. Because of the relative rarity of the fistula, as well as technical challenges inherent in successful repair, most series include very few patients, and authors have often applied heterogeneous therapeutic options with mixed postoperative results. The varying descriptions of RUF repairs, the small patient numbers, and the inconsistent reporting of outcomes preclude objective comparisons. Choi et al. [4] described their personal experience with the treatment for six patients with RUFs. Although patients were heterogeneous in etiology and treatment, as in other studies, the study is worthwhile because the authors showed results of treatment according to surgical options for this rare complication. The authors introduced surgical methods by using figures, which was useful. A comprehensive review of treatment methods, their results, and their indications based on previous reports, in addition to personal experience, would be worthwhile. The numerous surgical repairs, including those used in this study, highlight the variability in surgeon preference and technical expertise, as well as the need for individualized plans based on patient-specific anatomic and functional characteristics. In addition, collaboration between colorectal and urologic surgeons has to be considered for successful management. Successful RUF closure can be achieved through individualized therapy based on the etiology, the severity and the recurrence status of the RUF.